Tesa / Pesa / Mesa/Tese

Mesa: 

Symptoms such as obstructive azoospermia (no sperm in the ejaculatory fluid) use a technique known as MESA (microsurgery epididymal sperm aspiration). This includes a single tubular incision by incising the epididymis. Next, the fluid that overflows from the epididymal tubules is aspirated. Due to the large number of blood vessels in the epididymis, this method can result in blood cell contamination, which can impair the ability of sperm to fertilize during in vitro fertilization.

Pesa : 

PESA is a procedure that can be performed under local anesthesia without knowledge of microsurgery. The procedure involves placing a butterfly needle on the head of the epididymis after administration of a local anesthetic. Apply negative pressure  until you see a milky liquid. The tube is then fixed in place and the system is poured into the collection tube with a sperm medium. This process can be repeated until a sufficient yield is obtained. The percutaneous approach avoids the need to make an incision in the skin, thereby avoiding related pathological conditions such as infection and pain. However, the risk of hematoma is still small.

Tesa :

TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration): TESA is a minimally invasive procedure where sperm is extracted directly from the testicles using a needle. It is typically performed under local anesthesia. TESA is commonly used when the male partner has obstructive azoospermia, a condition where sperm is present in the testicles but cannot be ejaculated due to a blockage in the reproductive tract.

Tese:

TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) which is another method used to retrieve sperm in cases of male infertility. It is similar to TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) but typically involves a more invasive surgical procedure. TESE is performed under general anesthesia, and a small incision is made in the scrotum to access the testicles. Multiple small samples of testicular tissue are taken from different areas of the testicles. The samples are then examined under a microscope to identify and retrieve viable sperm for use in assisted reproductive techniques such as IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) or ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection).